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Abstract In this research, the quality of groundwater was studied for fifty wells distributed in areas near the Bahr al-Najaf depression. Where a large discrepancy was observed in the readings and concentrations of the thirteen variables that were identified, they included both the acid function pH and their ranged between (7.11 - 7.29) and the electrical conductivity EC whose values in the number of wells measured were between (2351 - 8901 μS/cm) and the total dissolved salts TDS were between (1520 to 5773 mg/L). In this study, the concentrations of positive ions were also measured, including calcium, and their values ranged between (155 to 594 mg/L), sodium (235 to 895 mg/L), potassium (2 - 101 mg/L), and magnesium (60 to 337 mg/L). Negative ions represented by sulfates SO 4 2- were also studied, and their concentrations ranged between (517 to 1919 mg/L), chlorides Cl − (293 to 1243 mg/L), and nitrates NO 3 − (0.3 - 1.8 mg/L). The concentrations of heavy metals in the water of these wells were also studied, and their values included lead ions (0.00 - 0.0183 mg/L), cadmium (0.00 - 0.0038 mg/L), and manganese (0.2464 - 1.1628 mg/L). Then the water quality index WQI for these wells was determined, and a large discrepancy in the results was also noted after using the geographic information system GIS when drawing maps and distributing the results on them.
Abdulshaheed et al. (Mon,) studied this question.