An Econometric Study of the Factors Affecting the Value of Agricultural Output in Iraq for the Period 2000-2022

Abstract Agricultural output is an important indicator of agricultural productivity and a country’s ability to meet its food and economic needs. Agricultural output is affected by several factors that affect, whether directly or indirectly, agricultural operations and agricultural crops, and there are some factors affecting agricultural output. An appropriate balance must be provided between these factors and managed effectively to achieve the highest levels of agricultural productivity. There are many problems related to the factors affecting agricultural output, namely soil degradation, as soil pollution and deterioration of its quality is another challenge that affects agricultural output. As well as the lack of investment and financing, as the agricultural sector suffers from a lack of investment and financing, which affects the ability to improve technology and develop agricultural practices. The lack of investment can restrict the ability to use modern technologies. These are some of the major issues related to the factors affecting agricultural output. Emphasis should be placed on solving these problems and enhancing investment in agricultural infrastructure and agricultural financing. The desired goal is to determine the growth rate and the general trend of some indicators used in the analysis. The research concluded that the average public investment in the agricultural sector is limited for the period of the study, as it does not exceed 26.4 million dollars, noting that the agricultural sector in Iraq needs large capitals to advance it. It is also exposed to conditions of risk, uncertainty, and a long recovery period for capital. These factors have led to weak incentives for the private sector to invest in the agricultural sector and the majority of investments remain government. The research recommended that in order to contribute to solving the effects of climate change, it is necessary to use information systems and data from agricultural weather stations spread in Iraq to implement annual agricultural plans, as well as to benefit from agricultural crop suitability maps to distribute the cultivation of different crops over geographical areas according to the available capabilities of economic resources.