Towards On-Site Dairy Cow Mastitis Diagnosis in Your Pocket

firstₚage Download PDF settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing:    Column Width:    Background: Open AccessAbstract Towards On-Site Dairy Cow Mastitis Diagnosis in Your Pocket † by Alexandra CostaAlexandra Costa SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 1, *, Adelaide PereiraAdelaide Pereira SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 2, Luis PinhoLuis Pinho SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 1, Hugo GregórioHugo Gregório SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 3, 4, Filipe SantosFilipe Santos SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 5, Pedro MouraPedro Moura SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 5, Ricardo MarcosRicardo Marcos SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 1 and Rui C. MartinsRui C. Martins SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 5 1 ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal 2 Segalab—Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, R. Cidade da Póvoa de Varzim 55, 4490-295 Argivai, Portugal 3 UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal 4 Anicura CHV Porto—Veterinary Hospital Center, R. Manuel Pinto de Azevedo 118, 4100-320 Porto, Portugal 5 INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Robotics and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science—Campus da FEUP, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. † Presented at the 4th International Electronic Conference on Biosensors, 20–22 May 2024; Available online: https: //sciforum. net/event/IECB2024. Proceedings 2024, 104 (1), 34; https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024104034 Published: 28 May 2024 (This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Electronic Conference on Biosensors) Download keyboardₐrrowdown Download PDF Download PDF with Cover Download XML Download Epub Versions Notes Keywords: point-of-care; mastitis diagnosis; milk quality and safety; reagent-free Mastitis has a significant impact on animal welfare and dairy industry profitability (regular losses 5–25%, outbreaks 85%), which is the main reason for antibiotic use (risk to the food chain). Diagnosis is based on clinical observations and measures of the inflammatory response by somatic cell counts (SSC) in milk (crucial in quality and salubrity, with limits of 400, 000 cells/mL in the EU and 750, 000 cells/mL in the US). SSC is a late indicator of mastitis in milk, while early diagnosis is possible by an increased WBC count in the blood, suggesting probable mastitis (prevention). WBC react to inflammation, are released into the bloodstream, and migrate to the mammary gland to fight infection. Furthermore, the SSC value does not discriminate which cells are being counted, as this value can comprise the number different types of white blood cells and mammary gland cells. In this preliminary study, we recorded spectra of fresh milk obtained from 50 cows during milking. The milk collected was sent to a certified laboratory for butyric acid (BA), total protein (TP), urea (U), and SSC. This preliminary test using a spectroscopy point-of-care (POC) system provided the following metrics for on-site quantification: i. BA: R (correlation coefficient) = 0. 79 and CE (coefficient of error) = 10. 0%; ii. TP: R = 0. 94 and CE = 2. 8%; and iii. U: R = 0. 73 and CE = 12. 0%; and iv. SSC: R = 0. 72 and CE = 12%. These results demonstrate the possibility of performing a direct measurement of both milk quality and mastitis detection using reagentless POC spectral technology. Further research is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of POC in large-scale studies, as well as its capacity to discriminate between mammary and immune system cells and the presence of bacteria in milk. Author ContributionsConceptualization, L. P. , R. M. and R. C. M. ; methodology, A. C. , F. S. , R. M. and R. C. M. ; software, R. C. M. ; validation, F. S. , P. M. and R. C. M. ; formal analysis, A. C. , A. P. , L. P. , R. M. and R. C. M. ; investigation, A. C. , A. P. , L. P. , H. G. , R. M. and R. C. M. ; resources, R. M. and R. C. M. ; data curation, A. C. ; writing—original draft preparation, A. C. and R. C. M. ; writing—review and editing, A. C. , A. P. , L. P. , H. G. , F. S. , P. M. , R. M. and R. C. M. ; visualization, A. C. , A. P. , L. P. , H. G. , F. S. , P. M. , R. M. and R. C. M. ; supervision, R. M. and R. C. M. ; project administration, R. C. M. ; funding acquisition, R. M. and R. C. M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. FundingThis research received no external funding. Institutional Review Board StatementThe animal study protocol was approved by the ICBAS-UP (ORBEA-ICBAS) -Protocol nº P490/2023/ORBEA, 23 February 2024. Informed Consent StatementNot applicable. Data Availability StatementData is available on specific requests. Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Disclaimer/Publisher's Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author (s) and contributor (s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor (s). MDPI and/or the editor (s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https: //creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4. 0/). Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style Costa, A. ; Pereira, A. ; Pinho, L. ; Gregório, H. ; Santos, F. ; Moura, P. ; Marcos, R. ; Martins, R. C. Towards On-Site Dairy Cow Mastitis Diagnosis in Your Pocket. Proceedings 2024, 104, 34. https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024104034 AMA Style Costa A, Pereira A, Pinho L, Gregório H, Santos F, Moura P, Marcos R, Martins RC. Towards On-Site Dairy Cow Mastitis Diagnosis in Your Pocket. Proceedings. 2024; 104 (1): 34. https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024104034 Chicago/Turabian Style Costa, Alexandra, Adelaide Pereira, Luis Pinho, Hugo Gregório, Filipe Santos, Pedro Moura, Ricardo Marcos, and Rui C. Martins. 2024. "Towards On-Site Dairy Cow Mastitis Diagnosis in Your Pocket" Proceedings 104, no. 1: 34. https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024104034 Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.