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Adulteration or substituting the drug with sub-standard quality leads to reduced efficacy and undesired therapeutic effect. So, it is needed to ensure proper identification and standardization of pharmacognostical and phytochemical parameters of natural drugs. It will help in reproducible efficacy of herbal medicine and will be able to contribute to the authenticity and efficacy of herbal medicines. This study focuses on the pharmacognostical and phytochemical analysis of the leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn., which is a widely used medicinal plant. In addition to its anti-cancer effects, it is utilized as analgesics, antipyretics, anti-asthmatic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Additionally, its leaves and flowers are utilized to enhance hair growth and assist in the recovery of ulcers. Blossoms possess a proven efficacy in managing hypertension and exert a notable antifertility impact. Epidermal Micromorphology, Physical and Physicochemical constants like determination of extractive value, solubility, qualitative phytochemistry, pH value at 1% and 10%, bulk density and UV- fluorescence study have been employed for pharmacognostical evaluation and the obtained data statistically is analyzed following standard methods. Microscopic studies of leaves of selected test drug revealed the presence of anomocytic stomata surrounded by irregular-shaped epidermal cells on both the surface of leaves; stomatal index was found to be 18.03-18.05%. Various physicochemical parameters were done and recorded. Also, qualitative phytochemical analysis was conducted to characterize the chemical variability of the substance. UV-fluorescence study was also done. This research article can contribute to the accurate identification and authentication of adulterants as well as chemical constituents found in specific medicinal plants, including Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.
Ameera Ayyub (Wed,) studied this question.