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Hypertension remains a leading global health challenge, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Traditional antihypertensive therapies, while effective for many, often fall short in certain populations, necessitating the development of novel pharmacological agents. This review explores recent advancements in the pharmacological management of hypertension, focusing on new drug classes and their mechanisms of action. We discuss innovations such as angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), endothelin receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, highlighting their clinical efficacy and safety profiles. Additionally, we examine emerging mechanisms targeted by these drugs, including modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), endothelial function enhancement, and metabolic pathway alteration. The review also addresses the potential for personalized medicine approaches in optimizing hypertension management. By elucidating these advancements, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the future directions in hypertensive therapy, paving the way for improved patient outcomes through more precise and effective treatment strategies.
R Selvin (Thu,) studied this question.