The Originality of the Semantic Structure of Definitions in the Olonkho Language Dictionary

При лексикографировании языка якутского эпоса, который является специфичной формой национального языка, ортодоксальные словарные методы в преобладающем большинстве случаев оказываются непрофильными. Статья посвящена разработке оптимальной модели дефиниций в словаре языка олонхо. В результате проведенного исследования структурирован стандарт словарной дефиниции, адаптированный для рационального раскрытия самобытного значения устно-поэтического слова. Предложенная структура дефиниции состоит из базисной и комментирующей частей. При этом в базисной части дефиниции содержится общее определение вокабулы, а фольклорная коннотация раскрывается в комментирующей части. The article is devoted to solving the problem of forming a certain structure of a dictionary definition that can sufficiently reveal the connotative meaning of words functioning in the language of the heroic epic Olonkho. The problematic nature of the issue under consideration has many roots and is associated with the prerequisites for the morphogenesis of the artistic system of folk poetic speech, the concepts of “folklore language”, “Olonkho language”, as a specific form of the national language. The subject of discussion touches on the problem of studying the origins of the development of the art of depicting the oral poetic word, denoting almost all the factors associated with the emergence of the phenomenon of “language of oral poetic creativity”. The problem is complicated by the fact that in the practice of folklore lexicography there is no tendency to use methodologies that take into account the peculiarities of the language systems of Turkic-speaking peoples. The article is intended to eliminate the existing white spot in the specified area. The purpose of the article is to conduct an integrative analysis of the lexical-semantic features of the Olonkho language, and to develop the basic principles for the formation of dictionary definitions in the Olonkho language dictionary. The study was conducted on the material of the olonkho text “Nyurgun Bootur the Swift” by K. Orosin as a result of the analysis, the structure of the definition in the Olonkho language dictionary was determined, consisting of a basic and commentary part. The function of revealing folklore connotation is assigned to the commentary part of the definition. The presented scheme for compiling a dictionary definition can be applied to all units of lexicographic description: stable verbal complexes and single lexemes.