Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Techniques of Prolotherapy in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement

Introduction: Internal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) derangements are uncomfortable conditions that result in mouth locking, malocclusion and joint dysfunction. Internal TMJ derangements can be treated with both minimally invasive and invasive methods. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of two techniques of multiple points TMJ prolotherapy using dextrose versus liquid platelet rich fibrin in management of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. Materials and Methods: 30 patients were selected randomly and divided into two different groups. In group A injectable dextrose prolotherapy was used to treat individuals with internal derangements compared to injectable liquid platelet rich fibrin that was used in group B. The pain intensity, maximum mouth opening and jaw movement in the lateral and protrusion directions and joint noise, were recorded to compare between the outcome between both groups. Results: Pain level was significantly lowers in group B (I-PRF) at one week, one month, three months and six months intervals. (p ≤ 0.05) compared to group A. The maximum inter-incisal mouth opening is significantly higher in I-PRF group at one month, three months and six months than in group A. Statistically insignificant difference was reported regarding joint tenderness, range in jaw movement, and joint noise. Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, it is possible to conclude that injectable platelet rich fibrin is more effective in terms of pain alleviation and improving mouth opening, while there is no noticeable difference in any other parameter between the two groups during the postoperative period.