The Legal Status of Cryptocurrency: A Dualistic Approach and Problems in Criminal Proceedings

The article examines the issue of contradictory approaches and the dualistic attitude towards the cryptocurrency payment facilities turnover in the Russian Federation and their impact on criminal procedural legislation. It is emphasized that despite the lack of a clear definition of cryptocurrency in legislation and its prohibition as a means of payment, the use of cryptocurrency in Russia is becoming increasingly widespread. The main thesis of the article is the necessity of adopting comprehensive measures to regulate cryptocurrency, including amendments to civil, administrative, criminal, and criminal procedural legislation. The author expresses fears about the negative impact of the use of cryptocurrency in illegal financial transactions, suggests overcoming the dualism in the legal regulation of cryptocurrency in Russia and calls for ensuring the legality in the criminal sphere, given the increasing use of cryptocurrency in economic relations. Thus, the article highlights the need for measures to eliminate the formal denial of the issue in the face of the rapidly growing cryptocurrency payment facilities turnover and to improve legislation in the area of cryptocurrency payments and their use in criminal proceedings.