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ABSTRACT Context: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) encompasses a range of conditions associated with sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart, typically due to an acute blockage of a coronary artery. The severity and specific location of the blockage determine the type of ACS and its consequences. Menopause, marked by a significant decline in estrogen levels, is known to negatively impact circulatory function and metabolism, potentially increasing the risk of ACS. However, there is a lack of studies comparing the burden of cardiovascular disease between pre- and postmenopausal women. Aim: This study seeks to bridge the knowledge gap regarding the impact of menopausal status on the presentation and severity of ACS in women. Setting and Design: This retrospective observational study was conducted in a single center, India, over 7 months. Materials and Methods: The study included 250 patient populations among which 120 were premenopausal and 130 were postmenopausal women. The subjects were evaluated for their clinical and angiographic profile. Statistical Analysis Used: Differences between pre- and postmenopausal women were compared using the two-sample t-test for continuous variables and the Chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: In this study, the mean ± standard deviation number of stenotic vessels and Gensini score was significantly higher in postmenopausal patients (2.46 ± 0.74 and 47.35 ± 20.92, respectively) than in premenopausal patients (1.30 ± 0.27 and 13.13 ± 4.43, respectively) which indicate the severity of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Menopausal status significantly impacts the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women presenting with ACS, as demonstrated by the marked difference in Gensini scores.
Goswami et al. (Wed,) studied this question.