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Abstract In this study, a redox reaction is employed to synthesize manganese oxide (Mn 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles using potassium permanganate as a precursor in the presence of diethyl amine. The structural characterization reveals the formation of the tetragonal phase of Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles with a space group of I41/amd . A free‐standing Mn 3 O 4 ‐based paper electrode is fabricated and its electrochemical performances are investigated. The electrode exhibits a maximum specific capacitance value of ~353 F g −1 and an areal capacitance of ~530 mF cm −2 at a current density of 0.2 A g −1 . A symmetric supercapacitor‐based device is also designed using Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles as an active material in a gel electrolyte configuration. The Mn 3 O 4 device achieves specific and areal capacity values of ~208 mAh g −1 and 260 mA cm −2 , respectively, at a current density of 0.3 A g −1 . The device delivers maximum energy and power density values of ~104 Wh kg −1 and ~220 W kg −1 , respectively, with ~92 % specific capacity retention at 0.3 A g −1 after 5000 cycles. The above results suggest that the Mn 3 O 4 ‐based device has the potential for energy storage applications.
Ghosh et al. (Tue,) studied this question.