Introduction to Special Issue on Multidimensional challenges for national and international security in the context of hybrid warfare

changed the architecture of international security and has also served as a reminder of how serious a threat of hybrid actions is to state and international security.Cyberattacks, information warfare, instrumentalisation of migratory movements, fuelling anti-refugee sentiment, and acts of sabotage targeting the critical infrastructure of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and European Union (EU) states are some examples of the broad spectrum of Russian activity.For the first time in history, a global economic war, which began when Russia cut off trade channels connecting Ukraine to the world's markets, is being fought alongside a regional military conflict, with Russia invading its Western neighbour.This new reality has disrupted traditional power dynamics.While the collective West-understood as NATO, the EU, and their international allies-has avoided an open military conflict with Russia, Moscow has declared in its most recent foreign policy concept that it is at war with the West and Western values.