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Abstract As the global energy industry evolves and renewable energy rapidly advances, offshore floating photovoltaic (FPV) technology is garnering increasing attention. Unlike conventional water surface FPVs, ocean-based FPVs exhibit a more complex dynamic response to wave action. Traditional approaches, such as linear restoring stiffness and linear wave excitation forces used in marine structures, may not accurate for dynamic response prediction of FPVs due to their significant instantaneous wet surface changes attributed to their light weight, large span, and shallow draft. This research focuses on a novel type of shallow draft offshore photovoltaic floating structure, examining the variation of nonlinear restoring force in the FPV module under different offsets by an inhouse code. Additionally, the variation of the Froude-Krylov force on the FPV module in response to instantaneous changes in the wet surface area is explored. This investigation is crucial for understanding and optimizing the performance and design of such innovative floating photovoltaic systems.
Cao et al. (Sun,) studied this question.