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Abstract Improper disposal of pharmaceuticals and their derivatives poses major problems. Development of Effective treatment protocols for the elimination need an urgent consideration. Graphene-oxide (GO), a mono-atomic layer of carbon with a single nanometer thickness is an excellent adsorbent material because of the huge specific surface area. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is an antibiotic which is a third-generation fluoroquinolone agent is popularly prescribed worldwide eventually ending up in wastewater. In this study, adsorptive removal of CIP was studied with GO, TiO 2 and GO-TiO 2 nanocomposite to establish the treatment system. Materials were properly characterized for morphology and structure using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Removal of CIP was quantified by using UV- Visible spectrophotometer. The optimal experimental conditions for the removal of 10 mg/L of initial concentration of CIP were neutral pH, 1 g/L of adsorbent, and 20 min of contact time. Adsorption of CIP on to GO and GO-TiO 2 followed Pseudo-first order kinetics, multilayer adsorption pattern as depicted by Freundlich isotherm best fitting and the rate limiting was due to boundary layer diffusion. Adsorption of CIP was high at neutral pH indicating the suitability of studied adsorbents use for real treatment without additional chemicals. The obtained results were demonstrating the efficacy of the method for the removal of CIP from the water matrix.
Padmaja et al. (Sat,) studied this question.