Methodological Approaches in Professional Training of Future Specialists in Physical Culture and Sports

The article considers and theoretically analyzes a complex of methodological approaches to the professional training of future specialists in physical culture and sports in modern universities of Ukraine. It is substantiated that methodological approaches fulfill a system-forming role in the professional training of future specialists, and their comprehensive use in the educational process contributes to the increasing of efficiency and competitiveness of graduates in the market of physical education and health-preserving services. It’s proven that the competency-based approach in the professional training of future specialist of physical culture and sports is aimed at the development and formation of key and subject competencies of the individual; the result is the formation of general competencies or professionalism, including both key and subject competencies, and serves as an integrated personality characteristic. This characteristic is formed in the process of learning and covers knowledge, skills, attitude, activity experience, values and models of personality behavior. The systematic approach to the training of specialists in the field of physical culture and sports is determined as one of the key methodological foundations, as it allows considering the pedagogical process as a unified system with all interconnections between its components; the effectiveness of the functioning of such a system depends on both its ultimate goal and internal structure. The cultural approach in the system of professional education is interpreted as a set of theoretical and methodological principles in combination with organizational and pedagogical measures aimed at creating conditions for mastering and transmitting values and methods that contribute to the creative self-realization of a personality of physical culture and sports in the professional sphere. The cultural approach as a specific scientific methodology of cognition and transformation is based on axiology – the doctrine of values and the value structure of the world, actualizing the importance of the axiological approach, the essence of which is in directing professional education to the formation of a system of values among applicants that determine their attitude to the world, their own activities and to themselves as individuals and specialists. The essence of the acmeological approach is to determine ways to achieve competence; focus on humanistic development of the individual through the use of specific educational subjects; taking into account the motives, values and goals of a specialist in choosing ways of activity. Specific methodological approaches are focused on certain goals of professional training of future specialists in physical culture and sports.