Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The exploration of ecological safety in tourism sites can provide a concrete path for sustainable tourism development in a region. Based on the "Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response" (DPSIR) model, we constructed an index system for the evaluation of tourism ecological security (TES) in the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) from 2005 to 2020. This index system was used to explore the characteristics of spatial and temporal dynamic evolution with the help of entropy weight TOPSIS method, dynamic index of TES and Markov probability transfer matrix, and a standard deviational ellipse (SDE) model and GM(1,1) model were constructed for spatial pattern analysis and prediction. The results indicate four key aspects of this system. (1) In terms of spatiotemporal evolution, the tourism ecological safety index (TESI) of the SREB increased, the TES levels of the northwestern and southwestern provinces and cities differed significantly, and the quality conditions of TES in the southwestern provinces and cities were better than in the northwest. (2) In terms of dynamic evolutionary characteristics, the speed of change at each level of the SREB was slow, but the level of TES has improved. The TES level has not shifted by leaps and bounds, and the shifts in the level type show "path dependence" and "self-locking" effects. (3) In terms of spatial and temporal distribution patterns, the spatial pattern of TES in the SREB is a "northwest-southeast" movement trend, and the spatial distribution appeared as "aggregation" from 2005 to 2020. The prediction results show that the center of gravity of TES in the SREB will shift to the southeast from 2025 to 2035, and the spatial spillover effect will be reduced. (4) In terms of driving factors, the number of star-rated hotels, and the amounts of industrial wastewater emissions, tourism foreign exchange earnings, forest coverage, and other parameters are the key factors affecting TES, and the booming tourism industry requires the interconnection and interpenetration of various factors. The results of this study can provide a reference for tourism development and ecological environmental protection in the Silk Road Economic Belt.
Shu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.