Integrating Theory and Practice Through Innovation in Civil Engineering Education: A Course Based on Project Learning and the CDIO Approach

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of an introductory civil engineering course employing the CDIO approach and project-based learning integrated with agile methodologies in developing practical skills and competencies among first-semester students. Theoretical Framework: Drawing on contemporary trends in engineering education, the study emphasizes active, experiential learning and the integration of theory with practice, enhancing both technical abilities and soft skills such as innovation, creativity, and problem-solving. Method: The course uses a modular curriculum involving four projects: a provisional emergency bridge, a student residence building, a 3D printed truss, and a functional prototype of photovoltaic pavement. Each project involves design, planning, budgeting, construction, and rigorous testing, combining CDIO standards with project-based learning supported by agile methodologies. Results and Discussion: The course has successfully fostered essential engineering and soft skills in first-semester students, improving competencies in innovation, teamwork, communication, leadership, and resilience through hands-on projects. Research Implications: Integrating project-based learning with the CDIO approach significantly improves educational outcomes, preparing students for real-world engineering challenges and transforming traditional teaching roles into mentorship-based approaches. Originality/Value: This study provides empirical evidence on the benefits of combining the CDIO framework with project-based learning, highlighting the need for practical, challenge-based learning opportunities to prepare students for modern engineering professions.