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The application of conventional 4D flow to evaluate the hemodynamics of the heart and vessels is limited by long scan time. Recent advances aim to reduce scan time while providing sufficient accuracy. Here we investigate a 4D flow pipeline based on an undersampled 3D golden angle radial trajectory that offers reconstruction flexibility. We evaluated this technique in a cross-section of 11 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and compared flows against conventional 2D phase contrast in target vessels.
Jooybari et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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