Enhancing Cloud Data Security Through Long- Term Secret Sharing Schemes

Abstract Cloud computing has experienced significant growth in recent years, becoming a cornerstone of modern IT infrastructure. Promising "infinite scalability and unlimited resources," cloud service providers offer on-demand access that often obscures the underlying computing infrastructure. The inherent complexity of virtualized, multi-tenant cloud environments surpasses that of traditional data centers, complicating service management, particularly in terms of security. Despite these challenges, the appealing features of cloud computing have led many organizations to adopt cloud storage services for their critical data. Users can store data remotely in the cloud and access it via thin clients when needed. However, data security remains a paramount concern due to the internet-based nature of cloud services, which limits user control over stored data. This paper proposes an innovative approach to enhance data security in cloud environments through a Long-Term Secret Sharing Scheme (SSS-LT). Secret sharing schemes partition and distribute data across multiple cloud service providers, thereby increasing data privacy and availability. Our proposed SSS-LT addresses a key limitation of existing secret sharing methods: the degradation of computational performance with large data sets. We conduct a theoretical analysis of the security and complexity factors influencing our approach and validate its efficacy through experimental evaluation, demonstrating its superiority over existing methods.