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Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) in slowing myopia progression in pediatric patients as a function of age. Methods: This was a non-randomized experimenter-masked retrospective controlled observational study of European individuals aged 6 -16 years with progressive myopia but no ocular pathology. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of the participants allocated to receive DIMS spectacles (Hoya MiyoSmart) or single vision spectacle lenses (control group). Cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length (AL), were measured at baseline and at 36 month follow up. The results were stratified by age into four groups: patients that wore DIMS spectacles oldest or youngest than 10 years of age (respectively, group A, 20 patients mean age 13.62.2 and group C, 20 patients mean age 9.01.2) and age-matched control groups (group B, 18 patients mean age 13.22.5 and group D, 22 patients mean age 8.50.9). Results: At 36 months, SE and AL increase resulted significantly reduced in groups A and C, respectively compared to groups B and D (p0.05). Linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation (P0.05) between patient age and myopia progression for SE in groups A and C, but only in group A also for AL. Groups B and D did not show any significant correlation (P0.05). Conclusion: DIMS spectacles seem to slow myopia increase in pediatric patients, however their effectiveness results greatest in children oldest than 10 years of age. Morover our findings suggest that AL may be the more reliable parameter for evaluating myopia progression.
Buzzonetti et al. (Tue,) studied this question.