Theology and Modernity: Exploring Faith, Morality, and Human Condition Through Dostoevsky and De Lubac

In a world increasingly characterized by secularism and philosophical questioning, traditional theological beliefs face ongoing challenges. This article explores the convergence of religious thought and critical theory in the field of critical theology and demonstrates how theological concepts can critique and reshape social structures and the human existence. It synthesizes insights from the literary works of Fyodor Dostoevsky and the scholarly perspectives of Henri de Lubac, Joseph Frank, David Foster Wallace, and Frederick Copleston. The discussion emphasizes Dostoevsky's relevance in examining faith, morality, and existential angst while exploring the fusion of theological and secular ideas to promote social justice and human well-being. This article accentuates the essential role of theology in contemporary society and argues for a balanced approach that considers both religious traditions and secular viewpoints. This interdisciplinary perspective provides a solid framework for understanding and improving the human condition.