Soils in the current waste management system

This article is part of the dissertation research. In modern conditions of active construction, the volumes of excavated soil can amount to hundreds of thousands and millions of cubic meters, making up the bulk of waste generated in the process of engineering and economic activities. Such significant volumes of waste (in the form of soil) pose the challenge of making appropriate decisions about their subsequent disposal, reuse or disposal. To solve such issues, it is necessary to know the system of waste management, which is soil, and the current shortcomings in the principles of organization and functioning mechanisms of this system. The authors of the presented article analyzed the system for handling soils falling into the category of waste. In general, soils are complex multicomponent systems characterized by dynamic changes in composition, structure and properties. Taking into account the specifics of the object under study, the weakest aspects and controversial issues were identified in the analyzed regulatory and methodological materials. One of which is the very fact that soil is categorized as waste from a regulatory point of view. The article examines the contradictions in the definitions used in regulatory documents, the position of soils in the overall waste management system, as well as the procedure for establishing the hazard class of waste; Particular emphasis is placed on the need to use biotesting methods to confirm the V hazard class of waste. The article presents the generalized results of large-scale experimental studies by the team of authors, obtained when assessing the hazard class of waste soils, carried out for the purity of the experiment on soils under the conditions of modeling different in composition and level of pollution. Based on the results obtained, basic proposals have been formulated for improving approaches in the current system for handling soils that fall into the category of waste during engineering and economic, and, above all, engineering and construction activities.