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Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) serve as vital pillars of societal progress, fostering transparency, accountability, and citizen participation in governance while advocating for human rights, social justice, and environmental sustainability. This study investigates the role of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in promoting social and political change in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative research design, data were collected through document analysis and in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data, identifying patterns and themes related to CSO strategies, interactions with the state, impact on policy, and challenges CSOs in Indonesia employ diverse advocacy strategies, including lobbying, public campaigns, grassroots mobilization, and coalition-building, to advance social and political change. They engage with policymakers and government agencies to influence legislation and shape policies. Despite facing challenges, CSOs are crucial in promoting government accountability, transparency, and civic engagement. Recognizing the vital role of CSOs in promoting democratic governance and social justice can foster greater collaboration between civil society, government, and the international community. This study contributes to political science, social sciences, and development studies by offering a comprehensive examination of the role of CSOs in Indonesia. It fills a significant gap in the academic literature by systematically analyzing CSOs’ strategies, interactions, impacts, and challenges, providing valuable insights for future research and policy development. Additionally, it underscores the importance of civil society in promoting democratic governance and social change in emerging democracies.
Rusfiana et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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