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The chemical composition and the antioxidant and antifungal activities of extracts and essential oils (EOs) of Lavandula dentata (Ld) harvested in north of Morocco has been analyzed by team of researchers. The extraction of EOs from the dried leaves with stems was carried out by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC‒MS. The essential components identified among 27 compounds in EOs were Lavandulyl isobutyrate (22.35%), 1,3-Cyclohexadiene (15.03%), 5-butyl-, Pinocarveol (8.21%), L-Fenchone (7.65%), Myrtenal (6.57%), Camphor (6.00%) and α-Pinene (4.73%). The extraction of biomolecule was carried out using different solvent and analyzed by Spectrophotometry and LC‒MS. The maximum total phenolic and flavonoid content were obtained in flowers when extraction with aqueous acetone or methanol was used. The analysis and quantification of phenolic compounds of L. dentata leaves with stems in methanolic extracts has shown 21 elements; mainly, Rutin (2133.00 µg/g of dry weight) , Apigenin 7-glucoside (837.40 µg/g of dw) and Luteolin 7-glucoside (823.30 40 µg/g of dw). The antioxidant activity showed that the IC50 of different solvent and plant parts are overall less than 1 mg/mL, with the exception of acetonic extract and EOs of flowers. The smaller IC50 was observed in the aqueous methanolic extract for flowers, leaves with stems and EOs, respectively 0.14 mg/mL, 0.2 mg/mL and 0.23 μL/mL). The antifungal test results against Cladosporium demonstrated that the MIC of essential oils extracted from Ld leaves with stems was 1 mg/mL, which is lower than that of extracts from Ld leaves with stems and flowers, which ranged from 5 to 6 mg/mL. Meanwhile, the MFC of the essential oils was 9 mg/mL, lower than that of the extracts, which was above 12 mg/mL. Two pharmaceutical fungicides have also been tested and have shown their effectiveness at very significant values of MIC, but for MFC, terbinafine has proven to be more efficient than fluconazole. The results highlight the superior antifongic efficacy of essential oils compared to organic extracts. This suggests that these oils could be considered for in vivo therapeutic use, either topically or systemically, alone or combined with terbinafine, which outperforms fluconazole.
Maouni et al. (Wed,) studied this question.