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Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is a personalized immunotherapy. The efficacy of TIL-ACT has been demonstrated prospectively in patients with advanced melanoma but is not limited to melanoma patients. Many patients are refractory to TIL-ACT, however, or their cancer becomes resistant. Combining anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) with TIL-ACT to antagonize the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment may synergize to enhance the antitumor potential. We set up the Between 2020 and 2022, we enrolled 11 patients and 9 underwent a TIL transfer (median transfused cell number: 66.25 × 10 TIL-ACT with nivolumab is feasible and safe. Larger trials are needed to further determine the efficacy of this combination.
König et al. (Fri,) studied this question.