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This research investigates the integration of a deep-water culture hydroponic system with Internet of Things (IoT) technology to enhance Chinese celery cultivation. Four experimental setups were implemented in 2 × 6 meter greenhouses, each replicated thrice: combined light and temperature control, temperature control only, light control only, and natural conditions. The 45-day experiment focused on extended light exposure (660 nm, 6:00-11:00 p.m.) and temperature regulation (fog sprayer above 35°C). An IoT-based system using Blynk and ESP32 maintained optimal water conditions, with monthly sensor calibration and regular maintenance ensuring reliability. Data collected every 5-7 days were analyzed using the Friedman test. Results showed the greenhouse with both controls achieved a 13.91% higher yield than natural conditions, with temperature regulation being more critical. Economic analysis indicated 14% higher profitability for the controlled greenhouse, with a 27-month breakeven point. Potential challenges like sensor failures were addressed through redundancy measures. This study highlights IoT-controlled hydroponics' potential for enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability while acknowledging maintenance needs and scalability challenges. The findings provide valuable insights into modern farming practices, demonstrating improved yield and economic viability through precise environmental control and automated management in hydroponic systems.
Duangpakdee et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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