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The WD40 domain (WDD) of ATG16L1 plays a pivotal role in non-canonical autophagy. This study examined the role of recently identified LAP-like non-canonical autophagy (LNCA) in acute pancreatitis. LNCA involves rapid single-membrane LC3 conjugation to endocytic vacuoles in pancreatic acinar cells. The rationale for this study was the previously observed presence of trypsin in the organelles undergoing LNCA; aberrant trypsin formation is an important factor in pancreatitis development. Here we report that the deletion of WDD (attained in ATG16L1E230 mice) eliminated LNCA, aggravated caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and suppressed the fast trypsin degradation observed in both a rapid caerulein-induced disease model and in caerulein-treated isolated pancreatic acinar cells. These experiments indicate that LNCA is a WDD-dependent mechanism and suggest that it plays not an activating but a protective role in acute pancreatitis. Furthermore, palmitoleic acid, another inducer of experimental acute pancreatitis, strongly inhibited LNCA, suggesting a novel mechanism of pancreatic lipotoxicity.
Chvanov et al. (Sat,) studied this question.