Utilizing Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Early Detection of Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy Outcomes in an Asian Population

ObjectiveWe explored continuous glucose monitoring’s (CGM) potential value in early pregnancy in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnancy outcomes.Research Design and MethodsOne hundred and three multi-ethnic Asian pregnant women with overweight/obesity were recruited from a hospital-based, prospective cohort. All of them had worn blinded CGM devices in early pregnancy and underwent the universal GDM screening at 24-28 gestation weeks. Models were selected based on early pregnancy risk factors and CGM-derived parameters to compare their respective predictive values for GDM and pregnancy outcomes.ResultsEighteen GDM cases were ascertained. CGM-derived novel parameters demonstrated greater performance (e.g., AUC: 0.953 vs. 0.722) for predicting incident GDM, compared with the model using traditional risks. Such novel CGM-derived parameters significantly differentiated primary cesarean and large-for-gestational-age babies.ConclusionsOur data suggests CGM's potential clinical utility in the first trimester for predicting GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly in overweight or obese individuals.