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The Notch signalling pathway is crucial for cell fate decisions during embryogenesis and in fully developed organisms. Notch receptors (4 genes in humans) are single pass trans-membrane proteins that interact with membrane-bound endogenous peptide ligands from the Delta/Serrate/LAG-2 (DSL) family. Receptor-ligand engagement can occur in trans (between adjacent cells) or cis (on the same cell). Notch-ligand complexes formed in trans are endocytosed by the ligand-expressing cell, followed by protease-mediated cleavages that free the intracellular fragment of Notch (NICD) to translocate to the nucleus where it participates in the assembly of transcriptional activation complexes. Cis-formed complexes are inhibitory in function and act to restrict the spread of Notch activity.
Arumugam et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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