Priority Areas for Shaping the Structure of Cargo Flows in the Post-War Period

Topicality. With the blockade of Ukraine's ports by russia, maritime transport faces a rather difficult issue of finding new logistics routes, especially in the post-war period. There is also the question of new import and export partners that could replace russia. Before the full-scale invasion, russia was the main country that shaped export and import activities with Ukraine (metallurgy, ferrous metals, ores, slag and ash, etc.). Therefore, it is quite relevant to develop new logistics routes based on priority areas in the formation of cargo flows by Ukrainian maritime transport. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for the formation of an efficient and sustainable structure of cargo flows by using the transit potential of Ukrainian maritime transport through new logistics routes and Ukraine's participation in a large logistics network in the post-war period. Objectives: to analyse Ukraine's participation in transport corridors and networks; to develop new logistics routes based on previously identified strategically important cargoes; to analyse the possible inclusion of Ukraine in the newly created transport corridors. Materials and Methods. The article uses theoretical and empirical methods, namely, the analysis of the structure of cargo flows by partner countries of import/export activities, which made it possible to use the synthesis method to identify priority geographical areas and classify each individual type of cargo into a different direction. The method of deduction was used to formulate conclusions in the form of conceptual provisions for the formation of cargo flow by sea transport. The graphical method was used to summarise the material presented. Reserch results. While analysing strategically important cargoes, the author noticed a pattern of priority directions in the formation of cargo flows by sea. Since the full-scale invasion, partnerships with countries such as Turkey, China, European countries, African countries, Latin America, India, Korea and Japan have increased. For the most part, the author of the article considers it rational to use these countries when resuming regular logistics use of sea routes. In addition, while developing new possible logistics routes, a number of problems were identified, namely: the environmental component, mine danger, the state of port infrastructure, the legislative framework, insurance against military risks and destabilisation of freight rates. These problematic issues are planned to be addressed in the author's further research. Conclusion. On the basis of the previously identified strategically important cargoes, the author has formed and proposed new logistics directions and routes that will use the transit potential of Ukraine's maritime transport and allow us to become part of a large transport network (a link between the Nordic countries and Asia/Turkey; inclusion in the new Silk Road).