Multivariate Prediction Soft Sensor Model for Truck Cranes Based on Graph Convolutional Network and Random Forest

Truck cranes, which are crucial construction equipment, need to maintain good operational performance to ensure safe use. However, the complex and ever-changing working conditions they face often make it challenging to test their performance effectively. To address this issue, a multi-input and multi-output soft sensor technology model is suggested, utilizing a graph convolutional network and random forest to predict key performance indicators of crane operations such as luffing, telescoping, winching, and slewing under varying conditions. This method aims to streamline the process of testing and debugging truck cranes, ultimately reducing time and costs. Initially, the graph convolutional network model is employed to extract relevant feature information linked to the target variable. Subsequently, using this feature information and the RF model, multiple decision trees are constructed for regression prediction of the target variables. An operational dataset reflecting the crane’s actual working conditions is then generated to assess the graph convolutional network and random forest model. The effectiveness of this approach is further confirmed through comparisons with other methods like gradient boosting trees, support vector regression, and multi-layer perceptron.