The impact of plastic on the ecosystem of the seas and oceans

Plastic pollution poses a serious threat to marine and oceanic ecosystems around the world. The constant accumulation of plastic debris by humans in water systems leads to direct or indirect damage to the structure, functioning and value of these systems. The sources of these toxic substances are both terrestrial and marine sources, which carry pollution into the ocean in various forms. The purpose of this article is to highlight various aspects of the problem of plastic pollution of marine and oceanic spaces. Plastic pollution is present in the ecosystem in various shapes and sizes, including micro-plastics, macro-plastics and mega-plastic particles. Micro-particles of plastic in primary and secondary forms spread through surface water masses, bottom sediments and living organisms inhabiting the marine and coastal environment.