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Background: Banana peels, often considered waste, contain valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds. This study investigates the proximate composition and bioactive components of banana (Musa acuminata) peels using advanced analytical techniques. Materials and Methods: Banana peels were collected from household wastes and processing facilities, washed, dried, and ground into fine powder. Proximate analysis was performed to determine moisture, carbohydrate, ash, crude fiber, protein, and crude fat content using standard methods. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed to identify and characterize bioactive components and functional groups. Results: The proximate composition revealed moisture (7. 36 ± 0. 37%), carbohydrate (23. 15 ± 0. 05%), ash (12. 11 ± 0. 09%), crude fibre (30. 53 ± 0. 77%), protein (16. 42 ± 0. 45%), and crude fat (10. 43 ± 0. 67%). GC-MS analysis identified various bioactive compounds, including 13-Docosenoic acid methyl ester (12. 67%), 1-Docosene (12. 63%), and Octadecanal (9. 45%). FT-IR analysis indicated the presence of functional groups such as alkane (2746. 688 cm^-1), ester (1888. 360 cm^-1), and primary amine (3514. 793 cm^-1). Conclusion: Banana peels possess significant nutritional and bioactive components, making them a potential resource for various industrial applications. The study highlights the importance of valorizing banana peels for nutritional and therapeutic uses.
Chimdi E. Esonu (Mon,) studied this question.
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