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A new class of oxygen-sensing dual-emitting cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes is described. They function as ratiometric sensors that combine the blue fluorescence from coumarin as a self-referenced internal standard with yellow to red phosphorescence from bis-cyclometalated iridium complexes. The compounds have phosphorescence quantum yields up to 15%, lifetimes ranging from 0.23 to 9.4 μs, and are capable of sensing a wide range of O2 partial pressures.
Tidma et al. (Mon,) studied this question.