Assessment of Iron Profile in Chronic Kindey Disease Patients Managed without Dialysis

Aim: To assess the Haematological profile and Serum Iron indices in non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease patients  Background And Objectives: Anemia is one of the most common condition seen in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. It occurs due to reduced production of erythropoietin from Kidney which is required for production of RBC. As many people are landing up with CKD and it is becoming a global issue, anemia is becoming more prevalent among the population. One of the factor which also contributes to it is nutritional deficiency such as iron deficiency anemia which overlaps with reduced production of RBC due to CKD.  Materials and Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted over a period of 18 month in out patient department and wards of Department of Nephrology and General Medicine, Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur. A sample size of 100 individuals were considered for the study. Ethical Clearances were taken and informed consent given about the same. Patients underwent needed investigations like haematological profile including Serum. Ferritin, Iron and transferrin saturation and Renal Function tests.  Results: Our study's findings indicated that the severity of chronic renal disease increased along with a low level of hemoglobin and packed cell volume. Anaemia was present in all the individuals included in the study cases. 70% of the individuals exhibited microcytic normochromic anemia, while 10% displayed microcytic hypochromic anemia. 10 percent of the studied subjects exhibited concurrent occurrences of both forms of anemia. The observed difference was very statistically significant (p = 0.0001). Among the Control patients, 32% had normal levels of haemoglobin, whereas the remaining 68% presented both kinds of anemia. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the TIBC, TSAT %, and Ferritin values between the study and control cases in terms of serum iron indices. The Ferritin readings did not show any significant differences.  Conclusion: It is imperative to make every possible attempt to determine the underlying cause of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to provide appropriate treatment for the concurrent iron deficient anemia in these individuals. Additionally, it is important to monitor other hematological parameters in order to identify any concomitant abnormalities.