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Abstract In real-world applications, one of the key challenges for electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) measurement is image reconstruction, which is inherently nonlinear and ill-posed, causing its solution to be unstable. To address this issue, the damping spectrum (DS) iterative algorithm once frequently used for solving inverse problems is adopted for the first time in ECT image reconstruction. The relationship between the damping factor and the imaging quality is systematically examined, based on which a method for selecting the optimal damping factor is proposed. The accuracy, efficiency and robustness of the DS iterative algorithm against the traditional LBP and Landweber algorithms are investigated by numerical simulation and static experiments. Results show that the DS iterative algorithm achieves superior imaging quality with reduced artifact, higher correlation coefficient and lower relative error when compared to the LBP and Landweber algorithms. Moreover, the DS iterative algorithm exhibits significantly higher computational efficiency than the Landweber algorithm, although slightly lower than the LBP algorithm, making it a viable tool for real-time measurements. Static experiments reveal that the imaging quality of the edge flow is better than that of the central flow, primarily due to the inherent soft-field issue in ECT technique which is particularly notable in larger-size ECT sensors. Encouragingly, the effectiveness of the DS iterative algorithm in mitigating the soft-field issue in ECT measurement becomes more pronounced when applied to larger-scale ECT sensors.
Zhu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.