Analysis of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Background and Aim: This study aims to detect the structure of gut microbiota in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients complicated with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) through high-throughput sequencing and LC–MS Based Metabolomics so as to explore the characteristic changes of gut microbiota in these patients. Methods and Results: This prospective research recruited AMI patients, in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Patients who underwent physical examination were also included in this study. The characteristic of gut microbiota was conducted by high-throughput sequencing and LC–MS Based Metabolomics. At genus classification level, the abundance of Prevotella (P=0.009), Parabacteroides (P=0.036) in AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF were lower than that in AMI patients, while the abundance of Bifidobacterium (P=0.018), Dorea (P=0.036) Eggerthella (P=0.013), Peptoniphilus (P=0.039), Acinetobacter (P=0.016) tended to be higher. The species diversity of AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF was lower than that of AMI patients (P=0.037). Beta diversity analysis revealed a highly significant separation. The results of correlation analysis between differential metabolites and differential microbiota showed that the decrease of Prevotella and Parabacteroides in AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF may lead to an increase in some metabolites such as N-Acetyltyrosine, L-Isoleucine, 7-Methylguanine, L-Tyrosine, Sphingosine, 6-methoxyquinoline and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. These changes will influence multiple metabolic pathways, thus affecting the prognosis of patients. Conclusions: There was an imbalance of gut microbiota in AMI patients, including AMI patients with newly diagnosed AF.