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Abstract Objective To assess the effect of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) on patients with central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) and house dust mite (HDM) sensitization post‐surgery. Methods A retrospective cohort of surgically treated, HDM‐sensitized CRSwNP patients phenotyped as CCAD was assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they had AIT commenced as part of their surgical care. All AIT patients started immunotherapy prior to their surgery. The primary endpoint was reformation of middle turbinate (MT) edema 12 months postsurgery. Secondary endpoints were corticosteroid irrigation use ( 100/HPF), and serum IgE (kU/L) were also recorded. Results Eighty‐six CCAD patients were assessed (41 ± 14 yrs, 64% female). AIT was applied in 37% ( n = 32). Baseline features were similar apart from greater conjunctival symptoms (72 vs. 45%, p = 0.02) in the AIT group. At 12 months post‐surgery, the AIT group has less MT edema (% ≥ diffuse 15.6 vs. 52.9, p < 0.01). Patients on AIT also had less pharmacotherapy requirements at 12 months (% ≥ 4/week, 37.5 vs. 79.6%, p < 0.01). The rhinologic symptoms were similar (21.1 ± 17.1 vs. 20.1 ± 21.6, p = 0.83). Conclusions Surgery and pharmacotherapy are effective in managing CCAD, but the addition of AIT improved allergic phenomenon and allowed de‐escalation of topical therapy. Longer term studies are required to demonstrate further immunomodulation.
Meerwein et al. (Fri,) studied this question.