Country and continent-wise trends in mortality rates of ovarian cancer from 1980-2021: An analysis of GBD study 2021.

148 Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the major causes of cancer related deaths in women worldwide. Early detection, primarily via ultrasound , can result in lower mortality and morbidity. We present a comprehensive evaluation derived from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, depicting the ovarian cancer associated mortality pattern from 1980 to 2021. Methods: Data were methodically retrieved from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study, which included age-standardized death rates, Years of Lost Life (YLL), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The dataset was stratified globally and categorized by continent, with Africa divided into Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, and Central regions, and by World Bank income levels. Joinpoint Regression was employed to determine average annual percentage changes (AAPC). Results: Globally, the Age standardized death rates (ASDR) for ovarian cancer had an overall decline from 1980 to 2021. In 1980, the ASDR was 4.64 (95% UI: 4.3-5.14), and it declined to 4.05 (AAPC: -0.315; 95% CI: -0.35 to -0.27) in 2021. Globally, the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) rate was 132.4 (95% UI: 121.3–145.6) per 100,000 people in 1990, and it decreased to 115.14 (AAPC: -0.44; 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.36) in 2021. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized years of life lost (YLL) showed a uniform drop with an AAPC of -0.36 (95% CI: -0.40 to -0.31). However, in continent wise analysis, while the Americas and Europe had continuously declining ASDRs, Asia and Africa had an increasing trend throughout the predetermined time frame. From 1980 to 2021, America had an AAPC of -0.67 (95% CI: -0.69 to -0.65). Similarly, Europe also had a decreasing trend from 1980 to 2021 with an AAPC of -0.48 (95% CI: -0.50 to -0.45). The AAPC for Africa was 1.203 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.21), showing a greater incline compared to the other continents. The AAPC for Asia was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.527 to 0.563). During further analysis of the African region, we observed that southern and eastern Africa had the highest ASDRs. According to World Bank income levels, low-income and lower-middle-income countries had increasing death rates, while high and upper-middle income countries had decreasing death rates from 1980 to 2021. Conclusions: The study disclosed a global decline in ovarian cancer fatality rates from 1980 to 2021. Although significant progress has been made in the Americas and Europe, mortality rates have risen in Asia and Africa, with southern and eastern Africa exhibiting particularly high rates. An increase in death rates is also observed in low- and lower-middle-income countries, contrasting with an overall decrease globally and in high-income nations.