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Abstract methods optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR). Information about the stratigraphy of the cartonnage (support, plaster layer and polychrome layer) and the pigments and organic binder used in the paint layer was provided by this study. The results revealed that the cartonnage mask consisted of a single plaster layer made of calcite applied to double linen-based support layers and finally covered with a paint layer. The pigment colours used to decorate the cartonnage were orange, blue, light red, black, yellow and green. The orange pigment was identified as releagar, the blue pigment as Egyptian blue, the light red pigment as a red ochre admixture with lead white, the black pigment as carbon black, the yellow pigment as orpiment and pararealgar and the green pigment as a mixture of Egyptian blue and orpiment. Animal glue was the organic binder used with the plaster layer and most polychrome layers, while gum Arabic was an adhesive for the textile layers.
Hussein et al. (Tue,) studied this question.