Development of a sustainable optimization model for planning regional wastewater systems with consideration of water quality

This study proposes a novel optimization model for planning strategy for regional wastewater systems in conditions of water quality. The model seeks to minimize the total costs of installing, maintaining, and operating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) locations and the operation of sewer layout. The constraints are (1) continuity constraint, (2) connectivity constraint, (3) WWTP capacity constraint, and (4) water quality constraints. The model is created by applying a 0–1 integer nonlinear programming (INLP) issue created in the general algebra modeling system. The model is applied to simple examples for validation and accuracy, and the results are discussed.