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Abstract Disclosure: D.M. Bastos: None. A. Bastos: None. Introduction: Vitamin D intoxication in children is rare but its incidence is increasing as vitamin D is supplemented more often and in higher doses. Coma, ventricular fibrillation, and acute renal insufficiency are possible life-threatening presentations of vitamin D-induced hypercalcemia. Nephrocalcinosis, renal lithiasis, vascular calcifications, and arterial hypertension are known late complications of severe or longstanding hypercalcemia. The most common causes of vitamin D intoxication in children are manufacturing errors, parental dosing errors, and erroneous medical prescriptions. Case Presentation: A premature girl admitted to the neonatal ICU 3 months ago due to poor weight gain and was taking vitamin D and infant formulas and developed tachycardic heart rhythm with irregular rhythm and kidney changes. The investigation of the condition was re-evaluated, and the patient was seen with hypercalcemia, an increase of more than 100x in the dosage of 25(OH)vitamin D, an increase in the dosage of 1.25(OH)vitamin D, suppressed PTH, an increase in creatinine and urea. In addition, an ultrasound was performed showing the presence of small kidney stones, none of which were obstructive. After discontinuing vitamin D supplementation, the patient progressed satisfactorily with a reduction in cardiac and renal changes. Discussion: Currently, vitamin D supplementation has been carried out more frequently, as, in addition to increasing the absorption of calcium in the body, it reduces the risk of diseases, such as rickets and osteopenia of prematurity. The body is only able to produce vitamin D after exposure to sunlight. In the absence of regular exposure, dietary sources alone are not sufficient to maintain adequate levels. Cases of hypervitamin D generally occur in situations of excessive supplementation. In the present report, the dose used was 40 times higher than recommended. Initial tests revealed elevated calcium and undetectable PTH levels. The diagnosis of vitamin D intoxication is not common in cases of hypercalcemia, as it is infrequent, especially before the advent of vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D toxicity is usually iatrogenic, or due to accidental overdose. These factors, along with a lack of public education about safe dosing, have likely contributed to the increase in reported cases of vitamin D toxicity. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation, especially when using compounded medications, must be adequately monitored due to the potential risk of poisoning. Vitamin D toxicity remains a pressing issue and its incidence will likely continue to grow, primarily because of the widespread availability of over-the-counter formulations and public interest. Presentation: 6/3/2024
Bastos et al. (Tue,) studied this question.