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Abstract Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis is an acute life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Different literature showed that many diabetes mellitus patients develop diabetic ketoacidosis frequently. However, there is scarcity of updating data on the recurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis and its predictors among diabetes mellitus patients in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: An institution based retrospective follow up study design was conducted and 378 charts of diabetic patients were selected through a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered using Epi Data version 4.4.6 and then exported to STATA for the final analysis. Negative binomial regression model was used at a 95% confidence level. Statistical significance of the predictor on outcome variables was declared at P-value less than five percent (< 0.05). Results: In this study, 378 charts reviewed. The mean recurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis was 0.63. This study found that being female (AIRR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.18- 2.07), type one diabetes mellitus (AIRR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.23- 0.57), longer duration of diabetes mellitus (AIRR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.27- 2.91), acute infection (AIRR = 4.33, 95% CI 2.75- 6.83), comorbidity (AIRR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.18- 2.09), injection type of treatment (AIRR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.44- 0.96) and mixed type of treatment (AIRR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.30- 3.2) were risk factors and medication compliance (AIRR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.17- 0.31) was preventive factor for recurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis. Conclusion and recommendation: diabetic ketoacidosis leads patients to frequent hospital admission and increases hospital mortality. As a result, health care professionals need to pay more attention to and apply more clinical treatment for patient with type one diabetes mellitus, acute infection, comorbidity, oral type of treatment, and poor medication compliance
Tadlo et al. (Mon,) studied this question.