Cactus-like Metamaterial Structures for Electromagnetically Induced Transparency at THz frequencies

THz metamaterials present unique opportunities for next-generation technologies and applications as they can fill the "THz gap" originating from the weak response of natural materials in this regime, providing a variety of novel or advanced electromagnetic wave control components and systems. Here, we propose a novel metamaterial design made of three-dimensional, metallic, "cactus-like" meta-atoms, showing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and enhanced refractive index sensing performance at low THz frequencies. Following a detailed theoretical analysis, the structure is realized experimentally using multiphoton polymerization and electroless silver plating. The experimental characterization results obtained through THz time domain spectroscopy validate the corresponding numerical data, verifying the high potential of the proposed structure for slow light and sensing applications.