Genetically predicted COVID-19 does not causally prolong the QT interval (β -0.44; 95% CI -1.72 to 0.84; P=0.50).
Observational (n=84,630)
Does COVID-19 causally prolong the QT interval in individuals of European ancestry?
Mendelian randomization analysis suggests that COVID-19 does not directly causally prolong the QT interval, implying that previous observational findings may be due to residual confounding.
Mean Difference: -0.44 (95% CI -1.72–0.84)
p-value: p=0.50
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been heightened interest in the QT interval, a crucial indicator of ventricular electrical activity. Mendelian randomization (MR) is used here to investigate the genetic causation between QT interval alterations and COVID-19. Genetic proxies representing three COVID-19 phenotypes-severe, hospitalized, and COVID-19-were identified in over 1,000,000 individuals of European ancestry. Univariate two-sample MR (TSMR) and multi-exposure-adjusted multivariate MR (MVMR) were used to assess genetic causal associations between COVID-19 and QT intervals in 84,630 UK Biobank participants. The MR-robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) method and radial MR frame were utilized for effective robustness and outlier variant detection, with sensitivity analyses conducted to identify horizontal pleiotropy. For every COVID-19 phenotype, univariate TSMR analysis revealed non-significant causal estimates between COVID-19 and the QT interval COVID-19: βIVW (95% CI): -0.44 (-1.72, 0.84), P = 0.50; hospitalization: βIVW: 0.12 (-0.57, 0.80), P = 0.74; severe case: βIVW: 0.11 (-0.29, 0.51), P = 0.58. MR-RAPS and outlier-corrected radial MR analyses further supported this null causal estimation. In confounder-adjusted MVMR analysis, this nonsignificant causality was independent of body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption βBMI+Alcohol+Smoking (95% CI): -0.77 (-2.44, 0.91), P = 0.37. Sensitivity analyses did not detect any evidence of bias from horizontal pleiotropy, abnormal data distribution, or weak instruments. These findings suggest that COVID-19 does not directly causally prolong the QT interval. Inconsistent findings in observational research may be attributed to residual confounding.
Song et al. (2024) conducted an observational in COVID-19 (n=84,630). COVID-19 vs. Unexposed (genetic proxies) was evaluated on QT interval prolongation (β -0.44, 95% CI -1.72 to 0.84, p=0.50). Genetically predicted COVID-19 does not causally prolong the QT interval (β -0.44; 95% CI -1.72 to 0.84; P=0.50).