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Abstract This scoping review investigates the roles of intelligent learning companion systems (LCS) within educational settings, as well as the presences artificial intelligence (AI) embodies within these roles, and their application in education. Employing the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for scoping reviews, we analyzed 24 studies on the multifaceted nature of LCS roles and their implications for learning. AI-empowered LCS were identified as adaptive systems that emulate human learning companions, providing a dynamic social context to offer learners support and companionship. By simulating human-like characteristics, AI-empowered companions enhance personalized learning experiences and outcomes, optimizing educational outcomes. Our review categorized 14 roles played by intelligent LCS, underlining their versatility and potential to adapt to and meet learners’ needs and abilities. This review offers a comprehensive classification of LCS roles, elucidating their presences and illustrating their practical applications in educational contexts. The findings highlight the transformative role of AI in education, demonstrating its capability to mimic and augment human teaching and learning interactions.
Yu-jie et al. (Mon,) studied this question.