Reinforcing L2 reading comprehension through artificial intelligence intervention: refining engagement to foster self-regulated learning

Abstract This research delves into the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) interventions in advancing reading comprehension, sparking learner engagement, and empowering self-regulated learning. It addresses a gap in the literature regarding innovative approaches to fostering these skills through emerging technologies. An AI-based intervention program was developed and implemented in a controlled classroom using a mixed-methods design with experimental and control groups. Pre- and post-assessments measured reading comprehension, engagement, and self-regulation, complemented by semi-structured interviews. The quantitative findings revealed significant improvements in reading comprehension and self-regulated learning behaviors, such as goal-setting, monitoring, and self-reflection, among the experimental group. The AI intervention also positively impacted engagement, evidenced by increased attentiveness, participation, and motivation. Also, the qualitative analysis indicated that 77% of students highlighted the AI platform’s effectiveness in fostering engagement and supporting self-regulation, with themes such as “ increased attentiveness ” and “ enhanced motivation ” frequently mentioned. Conversely, 23% of participants identified usability issues related to system responsiveness and interface design as barriers to maximizing the platform’s potential. These results provide educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers insights into integrating AI into effective educational practices.