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The rapid advancement of drone technology has revolutionized both the civilian and military sectors, enabling a wide range of applications, from commercial deliveries to battlefield reconnaissance. However, the misuse of drones has introduced significant security threats, necessitating the development of robust anti-drone systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of anti-drone technologies and defense strategies. It explores the rise of drones, their dual-use potential, and the growing need for countermeasures. The study examines the evolution of anti-drone technologies, classifies existing systems, and analyzes case studies of drone-related incidents. It also highlights the correlation between drone threats and the use of anti-drone solutions. Furthermore, this review differentiates between military and civilian defense frameworks, emphasizing the impact of drone misuse on national security and public safety. This study discusses current defense strategies, technological challenges, and complex regulatory landscapes. Finally, it outlines future directions for developing and deploying anti-drone technologies, aiming to raise awareness among policymakers and technologists about the critical role that these systems play in national defense.
Chauhan et al. (Wed,) studied this question.