Wireless sensor network security encryption based on AES module optimization design

The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) generates a significant amount of data during information transmission, leading to increased security requirements. To enhance the security of WSN databases, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is employed for encryption. It solves the high requirements of AES coprocessors for chip area, power consumption, and other aspects through optimized design. The simplified 4 S-box structure replaces the traditional 20 S-boxes, effectively improving the security of AES coprocessors while reducing chip costs. In the performance analysis of AES, RSA Public Key System (RSA) and DES (Data Encryption Standard) algorithms are introduced to compare four aspects of encryption and decryption speed, accuracy, sensitivity, and the size of storage space occupied by the three algorithms. The AES’s loss value and its encryption and decryption are also examined. The results showed that the overall encryption and decryption speed of AES was more advantageous. And the highest accuracy of AES was 0.9513, which was 5.21% higher than RSA and 10.66% higher than DES. Its sensitivity maximum was about 96.5%, which was 1.5%/2.5% higher than the DES/RSA. Meanwhile, in terms of storage space, the AES took up significantly less storage space after encryption than the RSA and DES. In addition, the AES algorithm converged faster in the loss curve during encryption and decryption, and the loss value varied in the range of 0.1–1.9. The comprehensive analysis shows that AES algorithm has high security and can save resources, which is important for the security of WSN database.