Geospatial Spatiotemporal Analysis of Tourism Facility Attractiveness and Tourism Vitality in Historic Districts: A Case Study of Suzhou Old City

Amid the global urbanization process, addressing the spatial carrying capacity constraints of historic urban districts and enhancing sustainable tourism vitality has become a critical issue in urban renewal research. This study takes Suzhou Old City as a case study and innovatively constructs a dynamic spatiotemporal analytical framework to examine the relationship between tourism facility attractiveness and tourism vitality in historic districts. This study integrates multi-source spatiotemporal data and applies factor analysis, weighted kernel density estimation (KDE), spatial autocorrelation analysis, and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to systematically investigate the spatial distribution patterns of tourism facilities and elucidate their multidimensional driving mechanisms on tourism vitality. The findings reveal a generally positive correlation between tourism attractiveness and tourism vitality. However, significant temporal and spatial variations exist, with different types of tourism facilities demonstrating distinct attractiveness patterns at different times of the day. These variations underscore the intrinsic link between visitor behavior and regional functionality as well as the structural contradictions within historic districts. This study not only advances theoretical insights into the spatial optimization of tourism facilities and tourism vitality enhancement but also provides scientific evidence and policy recommendations for improving facility distribution, revitalizing historic districts, and promoting sustainable urban development.