This state-of-the-art review defines healthy ageing for older patients with cardiovascular disease, compares chronological versus biological ageing, and outlines the management of geriatric syndromes.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of healthy ageing, biological vs chronological ageing, and the management of geriatric syndromes in older adults with cardiovascular disease.
As life expectancy continues to increase due to advancements in medical technology, public health, nutrition, and socioeconomic progress, the population of older adults in the USA and Europe is rapidly growing. By 2050, individuals aged 65 and older are projected to constitute over 20% of the US population and 29% of the European population, leading to a higher prevalence of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the USA, poses significant challenges to healthy ageing by contributing to accelerated biological ageing and the development of geriatric syndromes. This state-of-the-art review aims to (i) define healthy ageing for older patients living with cardiovascular disease; (ii) compare chronological vs biological ageing as it pertains to cardiovascular disease; (iii) describe the impact of geriatric syndromes and provide an approach to management and prevention; and (iv) address the gaps in knowledge and future directions for potential interventions that could promote healthy ageing.
“Approximately 20% of spontaneous ICHs are related to anticoagulation, with a 30-day mortality of 50%, so every cardiologist will face this dilemma repeatedly in practice.”
Schmanske et al. (Tue,) conducted a review in Cardiovascular disease. This state-of-the-art review defines healthy ageing for older patients with cardiovascular disease, compares chronological versus biological ageing, and outlines the management of geriatric syndromes.